In the oil industry, water flooding or water injection is where water is injected into the oil field, usually to increase pressure and thereby stimulate production.
Water injection wells can be found both on- and offshore, to increase oil recovery from an existing reservoir.
Water is injected to support pressure of the reservoir (also known as voidage replacement), and also to sweep or displace oil from the reservoir, and push it towards a well.
Normally only 30% of the oil in a reservoir can be extracted, but water injection increases that percentage (known as the recovery factor) and maintains the production rate of a reservoir over a longer period.
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